1. 是形容词,不是动词,所以不能单独用作谓语。如: 别怕,我们会留下来与你在一起。
误:Don’t afraid. All of us will stay with you.
正:Don’t be afraid. All of us will stay with you.
2. 是表语形容词,一般不能放在名词前作定语。若要用于名词前作定语表示“害怕的”“惊恐的”,可用frightened等。如: 她表现得像一个惊恐的孩子。
误:She acted like an afraid child.
正:She acted like a frightened child.
但是,若afraid本身有修饰语,则也可以放在名词前作定语;有时构成短语可放在被修饰的名词后作后置定语。如:
a boy afraid of dogs (=a boy who is afraid of dogs) 怕狗的男孩
a very much afraid boy 一个十分胆怯的男孩。
3. I’m afraid意为“恐怕”,主要用于礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事。如: I’m afraid I can’t stay. 恐怕我不能留下。
I’m afraid they’re going to lose the game. 恐怕他们会赛输。
I’m afraid I can’t come to the party on Friday. 恐怕我参加不了星期五的晚会了。
I’m afraid 之后可接 so 或 not,表示前面所提到的情况——表肯定时用 so;表否定时用 not。如:
A:Will he come today? 他今天会来吗?
B:I’m afraid so (not). 恐怕会(不会)吧。
注意上面的否定说法不能改为 I’m not afraid (so)。
4. 表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”,be afraid 之后可接不定式,也可接 of doing sth。如:
She was afraid to tell [of telling] you. 她害怕告诉你。
She is afraid to go [of going] out alone late at night. 她很怕深夜独自外出。
但若要表示担心可能会发生某事,则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。如:
She is afraid of lagging behind the others. 她怕落在别人后面。
She didn’t tell him because she was afraid of upsetting him. 她没有告诉他,因为怕他不安。
返回栏目