1）对立法：先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，适用于有争议性的主题。
[1] When asked about..., the vast/overes to ...., some people believe that. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.
一提到....一些人相信....然后另一部分人却不这么认为。这两种观点都有相对正确的地方，但我更倾向于前者（后者）
[3] Nomonly/generally/ing to realize/accept/(be ae increasingly aplete plains as this.....
我们经常听到这句古训...
5）比较法：通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的观点。
[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....
多年来，普遍认为的观点是...但是现在人们正用一种新的眼光看...随着...的增长，人们还会...
[2] People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.
过去人们认为，但是现在人们有了新的观点。
6）故事法：先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣，引出文章的主题。少用！
[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.
曾经在报纸上我读到过这么一段事情...这个现象已经引发了强烈的关注。
[2] I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.
我有个朋友他....他应该这样吗？此类困难在我们日常生活中一直遇到。
[3]Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.
从前有个人...这个故事也许是虚构的，但我认为现在很有现实意义。