一、 第一种题型（议论文）
1． 观点碰撞题（对比观点选择题）：
大多为三点提纲，提纲模式一般是：有一些人……; 还有人…….; 我的看法或观点

作文题：For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes towrite a composition on the topics Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? （画外音：随着四六级改革，口语越来越重要，这会不会是2018年6月的作文考试题？）The first sentence has already been written for you. You should write at least 100 words, and base your compositionon the outline given in Chinese below:

1.     很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是…….
2.     也有人持不同意见，……..
3.     我的看法和打算

说明利弊型作文是以某一事物的优点和缺点为文章的主要内容，最终以考生的评论或者观点作为全文的结论。在说明事物的利弊时，应该注意条理性。比如我们可以使用对比法或是枚举法中的句型来展开短文。在文章的最后一段表明个人的态度或者看法的时候，最好也能提供相应的理由或者一些扬长避短的方法来减少事物的负面影响。

这类型的作文的写作可以采用以下的模式：
第一部分：引言。说明标题中涉及的某一事物或现象；
第二部分：优点。例举该事物或现象的优点或积极因素；（这一部分除了可以独立成段外，也可以与第一部分合为一段，或是与第三部分合为一段）
第三部分：缺点。可以考虑用对比关联词引出该事物或现象的另一面——缺点或消极因素；
第四部分：考生的个人体会。权衡利弊，阐述个人体会或者如何扬长避短的方法。

模板一：
要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。

The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more/Plus, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).

While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons.Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).

From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice.

模板二：
给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点
Some people believe that ①----------------（观点一）. For example, they think ②-----------------（举例说明）．And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处).

In my opinion,I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．

Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．

模板三：
①Different people have quite different views on_____. ②It is held by some people that_____. ③But it is also held by others that _____.

④Those who hold the first opinion think that________. ⑤In their view, ______. ⑥In contrast,those who hold the opposite view think that ______. ⑦They argued that ______.

⑧As far as I am concerned, I agree with ____. ⑨Admittedly,______. ⑩Furthermore, ______. (11)Finally, ____. (12)In conclusion, ______.

模板四：
①There is a pair of opposite ideas on ______. ②Some people consider that_____.③However, others hold the opposite view that_______.

④Some people would say that ______. ⑤They hold this view because ______. ⑥In contrast,others believe that _____. ⑦They argue that_____________.

⑧As to me, I amin favor of_____. ⑨First(ly), ______. ⑩Second(ly),______. (11) The most important of all,______. (12)In a word, ______.

2.社会热点话题讨论：
通常模式为：现象概述－细节（原因、危害、方式等）－自我评论

原因模板一：    
①It is true that________. ②Nowadays, ________. ③What impresses us most is ______. ④Of course, ________.

⑤There is also a growing concern over ______. ⑥The main reason for this is _________.⑦What is more, ________. ⑧As a result,________.

⑨Considering all these reasons, personally, _______. ⑩On the one hand, ______.(11)On the other hand, ______. (12)In a word, ______.

原因模板二：
①Nowadays, wherever you go, _______. ②As is known to all, _____. ③In a word, ______.
       
④There are plenty of contributing causes among which, the following ones are particularly worth mentioning. ⑤First, ______. ⑥Second, _____. ⑦And consequently, ____.⑧And finally,_____.
      
⑨In fact, ______in the long run. ⑩Besides, ____. (11)And what’s more, ____. 

(12) Therefore, let’s remember that ______.

危害类：首先提出一种普遍现象，并指出其危害性很大。说明其危害后说明自己的态度，即消除危害性的做法。

My View on the Negative Effects of Some FalseAdvertisement
1.   现在有些不良的商业广告
2.   这些广告的副作用和危害性
3.   我对这些广告的态度

第一段引入某种有害事物:
Nowadays every one of us may come across ————now and then (偶尔). These————are most harmful to the whole society.

第二段分三方面说明其危害性:
For my part / From my own perspective (替换in my opinion), their harmfulness can be summarized in the following respects. In the first place,————In the second place, ———— Last but not least,             .

第三段说明自己的态度，即消除危害性的做法:
In my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to these————. On one hand, the government should———— On the other hand, common citizens should ———— Only by the joint effects of the government and the common characters can we (only用在句首引导状语时，主句部分倒装) do away with (废除，去掉)               .

解决方法模板一：
①With the development/improvement/
reform/opening of…in recent years, ______. ②So it is of great importance for us to _______. ③On the one hand, ______. ④On the other hand, ______.
    
⑤However, what really matters is ______. ⑥Firstly, _____. ⑦So long as_______.⑧Secondly, ____. ⑨Thirdly, _____. ⑩Lastly, ______.⑾In fact,______. ⑿In a word, ______.

解决方法模板二：
In recent days, we have to face the problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second,---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一).For another -------------(解决方法二).Finally, --------------(解决方法三)

Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because--------------(带来的好处).

二、 第二种题型（图表题）

通常模式为：描述图表－解释原因－自我评论
As can be clearly seen fromthe graph/table/chart (As is shown in the table/figure), great changed havetaken place in_______, The _________ have/has skyrocketed/jumped from _____ to_____.
   
When it comes to the reasons for the changes, different people give different explanations. Here I shall just give a few. To begin with, ______What’s more,___________, Last but not least, ________.
  
While it is desirable that ___________, there are still some problems and difficulties for __________ Firstly, __________ ,In addition,__________ ,In a word, __________ .

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